What are Root Canals? There are tiny canals within your tooth that may become infected. This leads to the pulp inside your tooth also becoming infected as well. Either your dentist or an endodontist to remove any infection performs the root canal procedure. The canals are cleaned and then filled and the tooth receives either a filling or a crown.   What are the steps in the process of saving the tooth? First, local anesthesia is given or we may offer you the option of mild sedation so that you will be more comfortable during treatment. Then, an opening is made through the crown of the tooth into the pulp chamber. A rubber dental dam is placed and the tooth is then drilled to the pulp area either through the top or the back of the tooth. The pulp or its remnants are then removed carefully from both the pulp chamber and the root canal(s). The actual root canals are measured after some of the pulp has been removed so the dentist can clean the entire canal, enough filling material will be used to completely fill the canal. The root canal(s) is cleaned and shaped to a form that can be filled with gutta percha, a flexible plastic material. Medication may be put in the pulp chamber and root canal(s) to help eliminate bacteria. A temporary filling will be placed in the crown opening to prevent saliva from getting into the chamber and root canal(s). You might also be given antibiotics if infection is present and has spread beyond the end of the root(s). If your dentist has prescribed medication, use it only as directed. If you have any difficulties with the medication, call your dentist. It is also important to follow you're dentist's directions regarding the scheduling of your next dental appointment. During the next stage of treatment the temporary filling is removed. The root canal(s) is filled with a biocompatible material, usually gutta-percha, and then sealed. In the final step, a Crown made of porcelain or metal alloy is usually placed over the tooth. The crown covers a tooth to restore it to its normal shape and size. Its purpose is to strengthen the tooth and improve its appearance. The crown is usually placed as soon as possible, within a month or less. Expect two to three days of soreness after the procedure, or longer if the infection in the root canal was severe.